EFFECT OF SOIL FLOOD DURATION ON NUTRIENT UPTAKE, WATER USAGE, AND GROWTH OF SOYBEAN PLANT
Abstract
A study was conducted in greenhouse to evaluate the effect of different flooding periods on water utilization, nutrient uptake, and growth of the soybean plant in a soil of Guaiba series (Ultisol). The treatments consisted in flooding for 5, 10, 20, and 26 days, started when the plants presented three developed trifoliolate leaves, and compared to the soil water content at the field capacity. The treatment of flooding for 26 days ended when the plants showed the first flower. Soybean water consumption per unit of dry matter weight increased with the flooding duration, reducing the efficiency of water usage by the plants. Flooding reduced the water intake, dry matter weight, and plant height as well. The amount of roots increased due to the secondary root development, a reaction to low oxygen availability in the flooding condition. The P, K, Ca, Mg, and Mn content in the plant tissue decreased with the flood duration, whereas high Fe content was detected as a result of flood until the beginning of flowering.
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