Antioxidants as nutraceuticals to mitigate oxidative stress in bees: systematic review
Abstract
Food production on large scale has led to an expansion in the use of pesticides. An important process in this dynamic is the pollination, carried out by bees, which is affected by the use that of these products considered stressors of the metabolism of these arthropods. Given these facts, the objective of this review was to verify whether the use of antioxidants in supplementing bee feeding can mitigate the oxidative stress caused by pesticides. The methodology used was an adaptation of the PRISMA method, selecting articles related to the theme, published in the last 20 years. Out of 196 articles found, 26 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the research. Thus, it was possible to state that pesticides aggravate oxidative stress, affect survival, induce the expression of regulating health genes, and may interfere with the prevalence of pathogens in bees. In this context, it was concluded that it is indicated to supplement the feeding of these insects with oxidation-protective compounds, but it is necessary to develop studies to determine the appropriate antioxidant as a nutraceutical, the stage of development in which it is most effective and the ideal dose to ensure less susceptibility of bees to pesticides.
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