Sensitivity of common bean accesses to water stress
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize agronomically landraces and commercial genotypes for tolerance to drought stress and investigate the effect of water stress on the agronomic traits of interest. In Rio Grande do Sul, beans are grown from August to April, when water stress is usually observed. First, 25 bean genotypes (19 landraces and 6 commercial varieties) were characterized in the field. Then, the genotypes that excelled in the field and two controls (BAT477 and IPR Jurití) were submitted to two water conditions: i) irrigation according to the water requirement of the crop throughout the cycle and; ii) irrigated according to the water requirement of the crop until the appearance of the first floral bud (stage R6), when irrigation was suspended for a period of 10 days. Water stress had a negative effect on all traits, and caused: i) increased temperature; ii) reduced photosynthetic capacity; iii) reduced number of legumes per plant and; iv) reduced number of grains per legume. Genotypes BAG40, BAG100 and BAG102 may be promising for tolerance to water stress, since they were insensitive in most traits assessed, especially those related to productivity.
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