WATER RETENTION AND SOIL TEMPERATURE IN EIGHT SOIL TILLAGE PRACTICES (CROP SYSTEMS)
Abstract
Sofi humidity and temperature can be adequated to optimal plant development through soil tillage practices. To evaluate these practices in relation to ground water storage and soil temperature a field experiment was conducted on a Dark Red Podzolic Soil (Paleudult) at the Agricultura] Experiment Station of Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, from July 1988 to November 1990. Eight soil tillage practices were evaluated: native field (TI ); clover/soybean / com—no tillage (T2); wheat/soybean — no tillage (T3); uncovered soil-conventional tillage (T4); wheat/soybean conventional tillage (T5); wheat/com — conventional tillage (T6); wheat/soybean — strip tillage (T7); wheaUcom — no tillage (T8). Results showed that native field was the crop system that retainend more water (186 m 3/ha) and the wheat/soybean altemate conventional (T5) retained less water (106 m3/ha). The other systems (r8, 17, T3, T4, T2 and T6) retained 145, 140, 136, 122, 118, 111 m3/ha, respectively. At 9:00 a.m. there was no temperature differences in any of the soil tillage practices. Along the day, temperature increased differentiy in all systems, the average temperaturas being quite different at 3:00 p.m. The uncovered conventional practice showed both the greatest temperature at 3:00p.m. and the greatest dai ly oscillation. Both, lower temperatures and meanámplitudes were regi stcred on native field system (Ti) and in clover/soybean/com — no tillage (1.2). The other practices showed an intermediate behaviour.
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