Agronomic characteristics of wheat due to seed treatment and timing of nitrogen application

Abstract

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is the most economically important crop between winter cereals. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of seed treatment with fungicides to delay crop emergence and influence of nitrogen application time on morphological and physiological variables and yield components of wheat. The first, in the greenhouse and completely randomized design, tested two seed treatments, triadimenol (25.11 g ai ha-1) and carboxin + thiram (75 g ai ha-1), more the untreated control. The second experiment was carried out in the field, with split plot design, whose factor A, arranged in the plot, tested the different seed treatments and factor B, in the subplot consisted of application timing of nitrogen (N): no application, 100% in base (B), 50% B + 50% early tillering (IA), 50% B + 50% with the first spikelet visible (PEV), 50% AI + 50% PEV. The treatment of seeds with triadimenol reduced the IVE and the number of tillers per plant in relation to treatment with carboxin + thiram, while the latter reduced the number of grains spike-1, without influencing the productivity of wheat. Fractionation of N application with the second application in the PEV stadium promoted benefit on yield components in wheat.