POLYPLOIDY IN PLANT BREEDING
Abstract
Polyploidy is widely distributed among wild and cultivated plants. Induction of polyploidy as a tool
in plant breeding has been used for more than seven decades. Artificial polyploids may be obtained by two ways:
a) somatic doubling, by the utilization of an anti-mitotic as colchicine and nitrous oxide, among others and b) sexual
polyploidization, by crossing plants producing unreduced gametes. This technique is nowadays widely aiming at
obtaining bigger and better plants, to restore fertility interspecific or intergeneric hybrids, and as a bridge to gene
transfer between ploidy levels. This revision presents the main aspects of polyploidy induction in plant breeding,
from the first works, experimental techniques descriptions and the main results obtained.
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