Potential cultivars of peach, plum, pear and kiwi for the Serra Gaúcha region
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the phenology, production and fruit quality of potential cultivars of peach, plum, pear and kiwi for the Serra Gaúcha region. The experiment was carried out at Carlos Gayer Research Center - DDPA/SEAPI, Veranópolis-RS, 2014/2015 crop. The evaluated cultivars were: peach (Pampeano, Pepita, Kampai, Granada, Rubimel, Regalo, Chimarrita, P.S., Coral, Eragil); plum (Gulf Rubi, Gulf Blaze, Iraty, América, Polirosa, Amarelinha, Reubennel, Black Ambar, Fortune, Letícia); pear (Willians, Packham’s, Rocha, Santa Maria, Beurre Sublime, Tenn, Carrick, Kiefer, Tsu-ly, Ya-ly) and kiwi (Golden King, Yellow Queen, MG06, Gracie, Abbott, Elmwood, Bruno, Monty, Tewi, Hayward). The variables of phenology (production precocity), yield per plant, fruit weight, soluble solids (SS) and titratable acidity (TA) were analyzed. Peach trees ‘P.S.’, ‘Chimarrita’, ‘Rubimel’ and ‘Eragil’ presented high production (30-40 kg/plant), fruit weight (≥100g) and high SS. Plum trees ‘Letícia’, ‘Fortune’ and ‘Reubennel’ showed high production (>30 kg/plant) and high SS. The Fortune cultivar exhibited large fruits (108g). Peach trees ‘Granada’ and ‘Pepita’ and plum trees ‘América’, although productive, were early, susceptible to losses of production by late frost. Pear trees ‘Rocha’, ‘Packham's’, grafted on quince, and ‘Kiefer’, grafted on Pyrus calleryana, showed high productivity and sensorially sweet fruits (high SS and low TA). Kiwi trees ‘Golden King’, ‘Yellow Queen’ and ‘MG06’ showed high production (30-35 kg/plant) and ‘Elmwood’, in addition to production, high fruit weight (105g). The agronomic characterization of cultivars of fruit species allows to indicate to producers the best adapted and productive genotypes under edafoclimatic conditions of the Serra Gaúcha.
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