APOMIXIS: AN ALTERNATIVE METHOD OF SEED PRODUCTION IN PLANTS
Abstract
Apomixis is a method genetically determined of reproduction in plants, in which embryo is formed without the union of male and female gametes. There are three basic mechanisms of apomixis: apospory, diplospory and adventitious embryony. In most apomictic species, the pseudogamy is necessary for the endosperm development and consequent embryo viability. Apomixis can be detected through several techniques as embryo sac cytological analysis, progeny tests, callose deposition analysis in cell walls, auxin tests, among others. Apomixis represents an advantage for plant improvement because it allows the fixation of superior genotypes by succeeding generations. The available information about the genetics of apomixis suggests that this characteristic is controlled by few dominant genes, which favors the manipulation of this characteristic in breeding programs.
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