Chilling requirement of peach cultivars and cultivation recommendation in the Rio Grande do Sul State
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the chilling requirement of 18 peach tree cultivars during dormancy, as well as to zon the cultivars to the ecophysiographic regions of the Rio Grande do Sul (RS). 'Flor da Prince', 'Planalto', 'Vanguarda', 'Robidoux', 'BRS Fascínio', 'Cerrito', 'Libra', 'Chimarrita', 'Atenas', 'Maciel', 'Kampai', 'Granada', 'Santa Aurea', 'Barbosa', 'Della Nona', 'Mandinho', 'Bonão' and 'Baby Gold' twigs were collected in the field in April/2019. The cuttings were submitted at 7.2°C and two cold times (200 and 400 CH). After each cold time, the cuttings were transferred at 20ºC to induce the budburst. Cultivars were stratified by chilling requirement into three classes: low (≤200 CH), medium (201-400 CH) and high (> 400 CH). The chilling requirement of the cultivars was related with the budburst and harvest dates in the field and the cultivars were zoned in the ecophysiographic regions of the RS Estate, based on the map of CH. 'Flor da Prince', 'Vanguarda', 'Mandinho', 'Libra', 'Kampai', 'Granada', 'Bonão' and 'Cerrito' needed ≤200 CH to overcome dormancy. 'BRS Fascínio', 'Baby Gold', 'Atenas', 'Maciel', 'Santa Aurea' and 'Chimarrita' required 201-400 CH. 'Barbosa', 'Planalto', 'Della Nona' and 'Robidoux' required >400 CH. The budburst and harvest dates of the cultivars in the field are related to the chilling requirement of the genotypes. Low chilling requirement cultivars can be grown throughout of the RS state; those of medium chilling requirement are limited to the cultivation only on the western border; and those of high chilling requirement are recommended mainly for Serra Gaucha, Campos de Cima da Serra, part of the Planalto Médio and of the Serra do Sudeste.
Downloads
References
ANZANELLO, R.; FIALHO, F.B.; SANTOS, H.P.; BERGAMASCHI, H.; MARODIN, G.A.B. Métodos biológicos para avaliar a brotação de gemas em macieira para modelagem da dormência. Semina Ciencias Agrarias, v. 35, n.3, p.1163 1176, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2014v35n3p1163
ANZANELLO, R., FIALHO, F.B.; SANTOS, H.P. Chilling requirements and dormancy evolution in grapevine buds. Ciência e Agrotecnologia, v.42, n.4, p.364 371, 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-70542018424014618
ATKINSON, C.J., BRENNAN, R.M., JONES, H.G., Declining chilling and its impact on temperate perennial crops. Environmental and Experimental Botany, v.91, n.1, p.48 62, 2013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2013.02.004
BIASI, L. A.; CARVALHO, R. I. N.; ZANETTE, F. Dinâmica da dormência de gemas de videira e quivizeiro em região de baixa ocorrência de frio. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, v. 32, n.4, p.1244 1249, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-29452010005000118
BRUCKNER, C. H.; WAGNER JÚNIOR, A.; PIMENTEL, L.D.; SILVA, J.O.C.; SANTOS, C.E.M..; MORGADO, M.A.D.O. Chilling requirement evaluation of peach hybrids obtained among cultivars with high and low chilling requirements. Acta Horticulturae, n.872, p.177 180, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2010.872.22
CAMPOY, J.A.; RUIZ, D.; EGEA, J. Dormancy in temperate fruit trees in a global warming context: a review. Scientia Horticulturae, v.130, n.2, p.357 372, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2011.07.011
CARDOSO, L.S.; BERGAMASCHI, H. BOSCO, L.C.; PAULA, V.A. de; MARODIN, G.A.B; CASAMALI, B.; NACHTIGALL, G.R. Disponibilidades climáticas para macieira na região de Vacaria, RS. Ciência Rural, v.42, n.11, p.1960--1967, 2012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-84782012005000097
CARVALHO, R.I.N.; BIASI, L.A.; ZANETTE, F.; SANTOS, J.M.; PEREIRA, G.P. Estádios de brotação de gemas de fruteiras de clima temperado para o teste biológico de avaliação de dormência. Revista Acadêmica de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, v.8, n.1, p.93--100, 2010. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7213/cienciaanimal.v8i1.10556
CITADIN, I.; RASEIRA, M.C.B.; HERTER, F.G.; SILVEIRA, C.A.P. Avaliação da necessidade de frio em pessegueiro. Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, v.24, n.3, p.703--706, 2002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-29452002000300034
FELIPPETO, J.; BERGONCI, J.I.; SANTOS, H.P.; NAVA, G. Modelos de previsão de brotação para a cultivar de videira Cabernet Sauvignon na Serra Gaúcha. Agropecuária Catarinense, v.26, n.2, p.85--91, 2013.
FORTES, A.B. Geografia física do Rio Grande do Sul. 1. ed. Porto Alegre: Editora Globo, 1959. 393p.
GUO, L.; DAI, J.; RANJITKAR, S.; YU, H.; XU, J.; LUEDELING, E. Chilling and heat requirements for flowering in temperate fruit trees. International Journal of Biometeorology, v. 58, n.6, p.1195--1206, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-013-0714-3
HAWERROTH, F. J. HERTER, F. G.; PETRI, J. L.; LEITE, G. B.; PEREIRA, J. F. M. Dormência em frutíferas de clima temperado. Pelotas: Embrapa Clima Temperado, 2010. 56 p. (Documentos, 310)
HERTER, F. G.; WREGW, M.S.; RASEIRA, M.C.B.; PEREIRA, I.S.; STEINMETZ, S. Zoneamento agroclimático do pessegueiro e da nectarina para o Rio Grande do Sul. Pelotas: Embrapa Clima Temperado, 2002. 26p. (Documentos, 91)
LUEDELING, E.; BROWN, P.H. A global analysis of the comparability of winter chill models for fruit and nut trees. International Journal of Biometeorology, v.55, n.3, p.411--421, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-010-0352-y
MONTEIRO, J.E..B.A. Agrometeorologia dos cultivos: o fator meteorológico na produção agrícola. Brasília, DF: INMET, 2009. 530p.
PETRI, J.L.; PALLADINI, L.A.; POLA, A.C. Dormência e indução à brotação em macieira. In: EPAGRI. A cultura da macieira. Florianópolis, 2006. p.261--297.
RASEIRA, M.C.B.; PEREIRA, J.F.M.; CARVALHO, F.L.P. Pessegueiro. Brasília, DF: Embrapa, 2014. 776p.
RAZAVI, F.; HAJILOU, J.; TABATABAEI, S.J.; DADPOUR, M.R. Comparison of chilling and heat requirement in some peach and apricot cultivars. Research in Plant Biology, v.1, n.2, p .40-47, 2011.
WREGE, M. S.; HERTER, F. G.; STEINMETZ, S. Mapeamento das horas de frio para frutíferas de clima temperado no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE AGROMETEOROLOGIA, 13., 2003, Santa Maria. Anais... Santa Maria: UNIFRA: SBA: UFSM, 2003. p. 473-474.
Copyright (c) 2020 Pesquisa Agropecuária Gaúcha
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The authors declare that the work has not been previously published, nor sent simultaneously for publication in another journal and that they agree with the submission, content and transfer of the publication rights of the article in question to the scientific journal Pesquisa Agropecuária Gaúcha - PAG. The authors assume full responsibility for the originality of the article, and may incur on them any charges arising from claims by third parties in relation to the authorship of the article. The full reproduction of the journal's articles in other free-to-use electronic media is permitted under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International license.
