Manejo de solo e fitossanitário orgânico na produtividade de cebola na Serra Gaúcha, Sul do Brasil
Resumo
A cebola é uma importante cultura olerícola da Serra Gaúcha. No entanto, a produção e qualidade da colheita dependem de um manejo adequado do solo, nutrição e das doenças. Assim, a utilização de produtos orgânicos como alternativa aos métodos convencionais de manejo vem crescendo nos últimos anos. Este estudo visou avaliar o efeito de diferentes manejos de solo e fitossanitários de origem orgânico sobre a produtividade da cebola. Testou-se três manejos de solo, sendo solo desprovido de cobertura vegetal, solo com cobertura vegetal e solo com cobertura vegetal mais composto Bokashi. Para os tratamentos fitossanitários, as subparcelas corresponderam à aplicação semanal de extrato gengibre, aplicação quinzenal de calda bordalesa e controle (água). Nenhum dos tratamentos fitossanitários teve efeito sobre a cultura. O manejo de solo influenciou a severidade da ferrugem (Puccinia porri), onde o uso de palhada e a aplicação concomitante de palhada e Bokashi reduziram a severidade. Palhada e palhada associada a Bokashi, embora tenha produzido plantas com menor altura e diâmetro de colo, promoveu maiores massas de bulbo e produtividade e incrementou a fertilidade do solo. Assim, o emprego concomitante de palhada e Bokashi pode ser uma estratégia para aumentar a produtividade da cebola, alinhado aos princípios da agricultura orgânica.
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